The cotton sector is one of the engines of Benin economy, providing the bulk of inputs for domestic production; and a source of export revenue. The sector has grown rapidly over the last 30 years, compared to other cotton growing countries in the region. Despite this growth, there remains several significant challenges relating to poverty levels, particularly in the cotton growing areas. Considering the above-mentioned challenges, the government of Benin established the Cotton Sector Reform project with the objective of effecting a successful transition from the monopolistic and centrally administered system to a more competitive cotton sector and, hence, greater efficiency and productivity in the sector. For that purpose, the project provided a framework for consultations between the public and private sectors on sector policies and for collaboration between the two sides in areas such as agricultural services delivery and infrastructure development. The project also privatized the ginning activities of the national company for agricultural promotion that oversaw the overall cotton sector. Ultimately, the increase in productivity and competitiveness resulting from the project led to higher incomes in the sector (for example, the average revenue per cotton producer increased by about 23%).