Managing for Development Results (MfDR) is a management strategy that focuses on using performance information to improve decision making. MfDR involves using practical tools for strategic planning, risk management, progress monitoring, and outcome evaluation. It requires leadership to set and achieve goals, to shape a shared vision, and to improve government performance. This case study focuses on Rwandas experience, drawing on desk review and work experience. Key findings. Through leadership, training of leaders, and strict performance monitoring, transformative economic development is possible. They were key elements in Rwandas successes in improving economic development after the genocide of 1994. Key lessons. Transformative leadership styles involve structural transformation, investments in human capital, and leadership training. Innovative, flexible approaches are also important for African states to achieve their development goals and aspirations stated in the continents blueprintsAgenda 2030 and Agenda 2063. Key recommendations. Strong political will is crucial to address issues and exercise adaptive leadership in economic reforms and to stop corrupt practices. The country must also enjoy strong political support for private sector development, and lay heavy emphasis on adaptive leadership and capacity building for change management.