Illicit financial flows (IFFs) drain over US$89 billion annually from Africaexceeding the continents intake of official development assistance. This Knowledge Brief contributes to the debate on IFFs in Africa and their far-reaching impact on fiscal sovereignty, public service delivery, and the continents pursuit of sustainable development. Drawing on insights from a multi-stakeholder webinar co-hosted by the African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF), and HAUS Finnish Institute of Public Management Ltd, the brief analyses the scale, drivers, and institutional weaknesses enabling IFFs. It outlines practical and strategic responses, including strengthening domestic resource mobilisation, promoting equitable and transparent tax systems, enhancing anti-corruption frameworks, advancing digital tax tools, and advocating for fairer global tax rules. The brief also emphasises the importance of strong political will, policy dialogue, and cross-border cooperation as critical enablers for building inclusive, accountable, and resilient economic systems across Africa. Combating IFFs is presented not merely as a technical challenge, but as a fundamental governance and development imperative for the continent.