Never in history has there arisen such a widespread and fundamental threat to human development as the HIV/AIDS epidemic. As a result, one of the main challenges today for development management is how to address the massive loss of skills and experience from the public in Sub-Saharan Africa that has resulted from this pandemic, which has already reversed decades of hard-won socio-economic development progress in the African Continent. As part of the effort to be a better understanding and appreciation of the HIV/AIDS situation in the public sector, the African Capacity Building Foundation (ACBF) and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), jointly undertook to conduct a field study on The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Public Sector Capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa: Towards a Framework for Protection of Public Sector Capacity and Effective Response to Most Affected Countries. To this end, a review of the impact of HIV/AIDS on public sector Capacity was conducted in a sample of six Sub-Saharan African countries (Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe) The main objective of the study was to enhance the knowledge of ACBF, UNAIDS and other development institutions of the state of public sector capacity in HIV/AIDS-affected countries and guide their interventions in the strengthening of public sector capacity in the face of the erroneous threat posed by the pandemic. The specific objectives were to: assess the extent to which policy analysis and management capacity were affected; identify the competencies, specific skills and experiences which were most affected; provide a gender-based analysis of the lost competencies, skills and experiences; review and assess the number, quality and adequacy of HIV/AID awareness, enducation, information sharing and learning programmes in the public sector especially in core policy-making institutions.