This study seeks to give a speci?c Zimbabwean context of the impact of tobacco control on the livelihoods of farmers. The World Health Organisation Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC), to which Zimbabwe is a signatory, encourages governments to promote transition toward alternatives to tobacco farming. In 2008, the Conference of Parties (COP) to the WHO FCTC established a working group on economically sustainable alternatives to tobacco growing in relation to Articles 17 and 18 of the WHO FCTC. This has promoted among other initiatives, studies on the effects of tobacco growing in several countries with a view of coming up with policy options and recommendations on economically sustainable alternatives to tobacco growing. The study has generally revealed that farmers are more concerned with high returns from a crop which in?uences their decision to grow it. The attractiveness of tobacco is mainly because there are perceived good returns from the crop, hence farmers are now dependent on income from tobacco. However, there are also a number of alternative cash crops that farmers are either growing concurrently with tobacco or shifted from in order to grow tobacco, which include soya bean, cotton, sun?ower, groundnuts and horticulture. The study has also established that farmers appreciate the negative implications of tobacco on health and generally indicate that they are in support of the tobacco control measures that are in place at the moment. Based on the main ?ndings of the study, there are a number of strategies and policy options that can be pursued towards a smooth transition from tobacco to other crops.